Rolling the shanks and bars of screw-wrenches



i UNITED STATES PATENT GFFTGE.

LORING GOES AND AURY G. GOES, OF `W'ORGESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROLLING THE SHANKS AND BARS OF SCREW-WRENCHES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 28,157, dated May 8, 1860.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that we, LORING GOES and Amar G. Gors, of Worcester, in the county of Torcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rolling the Shanks and Bars of ScrewlVrenches; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the plan of doing the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l, represents a perspective view of the rolls, and their appliances taken from the front side thereof. Fig. 2, represents a perspective view of the same taken from the rear side thereof. Fig. 3, represents a vertical transverse section taken through the rolls, and guides. Figs. 4 and 5, represent in perspective the parts of the screw wrench made in said rolls, the former being in an unfinished, and the latter in a finished state.

Similar letters of reference where they occur in the several figures, denote like parts of the apparatus, in all the drawings.

To make the shanks and bars of screw wrenches, with economy, and with accuracy or exactness of parts, is highly import-ant, inasmuch as they are to receive, or be tted to other parts, to complete the wrench; and unless they correspond in size and proportions, and are all rolled down to an uniform size, the hand finishing would be as expensive, as when made over the anvil.

To make these Shanks and bars by machinery, and with accuracy and despatch, is the object and purpose of our invention, and in doing so we not only make a better wrench, but reduce t-he expense of making it.

Our invention consists, first, in the use of apair of peculiarly constructed rolls, which will roll down the bar and shank, while the swell, or head is upon the bar, leaving them comparatively smooth and free from iins, and, secondly, in combination with such rolls, a peculiarly constructed guide at the rear of the rolls, for receiving the bar, and guiding it in an oblique or inclined position, as it is drawn through between the rolls, to prevent the bar from turning in the grooves.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

A, B, represent an upper and an under roll hung in any of the usual housings, so that they may be adjusted therein, and geared together so as to turn in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 3. The rolls are cut away, as seen at a, a, so as to leave their flush perimeters, of the length of the bar and shank, and the open spaces sufficient to slip in the head on the bar, without touching or being caught by the rolls. The portions b, b, of the rolls, are not cast solid upon the other parts of the rolls, but are attached thereto, in any permanent manner that will admit of their being removed for a purpose heretofore mentioned, although for the rolling, reducing, and forming of the shank part of the bar, they are practically, and may be permanent parts of the rolls themselves.

Then the parts Z), b, are removed, the rolls may still be used for rolling out the bar, so that whether the parts b, be connected, or separated from the other parts of the rolls, the permanent parts of said rolls perform their part of the operation equally well, but we prefer to complete the bar and shank, at onejoperation. The part G, of the wrench bar, is of a flat form with sharp corners, while the part D, tapers off into a shank form leaving a slight shoulder at c, as seen in Fig. 5.

The permanent portions of the rolls, are furnished with grooves of a Vshaped formor with one long side d, and one short side e, the angle formed by them being 90 exactly, and in these particulars diering from the ordinary V-shaped grooves used for rolling square iron, which are of uniform length of sides, and stand at an angle of to each other. Both the upper and under rolls are furnished with grooves of the form above described, but so arranged that they will form a parallelogram of greater length than breadth. And there should be two of such formed grooves, so that the iin raised on the bar, in its pass through the first groove, shall be rolled down when passed through the second groove, the grooves being inclined so that the parallelograms shall lean toward each other, and not be parallel to each other. lith av single groove, the fin could notbe rolled down, for turn it whichever way you please, and the previously formed iin, will still come at the open corners of the parallelogram. Hence we use two sets of grooves inclining in contrary directionsg so that the 1in `formed at the open corners of one, shall come in the closed corners of the other and be rolled down.

Where the grooves that form the bar-part, and the shank-part of the wrench meet, there are shoulders, as seen at f yF ig. 3. These shoulders in the rolls, form the shoulders c on the blank, and in order that this shoulder on the blank may alwaysfbe at an uniform distance fromV the head E, a gage bar F, may be arranged s0 that when the blank is passed through its slotV g, up to the head E, the'grooves willY take hold at the ,exact and proper point for forming the shoulder cV on the bar.

Behind the rolls there is a gage-bar G, furnished with openings, corresponding to, and in line with the grooves in the rolls. The oblong openings z' therein incline toward each other just as the outlines of the grooves do. Theobject of these openings z', is to preserve the bar in an inclined position corresponding to the inclined position of the grooves in the rolls, for were there nothing to guide and keep the bar in this positionit would turn in the grooves, and come out twisted or perhapsruined. The round holes m in said guide bar, are for the shank of the bar to pass into when that part of the bar is being formed. We have shown four sets of grooves l, 2, 3, t, in the rolls. The two first are indispensible, for rolling down the iin, but they may be duplicated if found essen tial, not less than two, however, can be used with advantage unless the fins are left on the blank, to be removed by hand, Qr to interfere with the after operations of finishing the blank. Those 3 or 4 are not essential, but they will be found very useful in the operation.

` The obj ect in having the portions b,v b, removable is this, that, by use the grooves become enlarged, which enlarges also the bar, and as the movable part of the wrench slides over this bar, the dies that form said movable portion will not correspond to the wearing down of the grooves-such wearing away being mostly at the exposed or open corners, and hence there will be no uniformity of parts. When the grooves become thus worn, we take off the parts b, b, and then let the rolls run,and by holding a rasp or bur of suitable shape in the groove, cut

it down until it is of its original size again, and when these grooves are so cut down as to require it, the rolls maybe turned down so as to correspond thereto, and thus a single pair of rolls will last for a very long time. Should the parts b b need repairing, it can be done separately, or new parts substituted for them.

The operation is as follows: The rolls being turned in the direction of the arrows Fig. 8, the attendant when the cut-away portions of the rolls are opposite him runs in the blank (as shown in red lines in said Fig. 3) the bar extending through the guide G. The edges, as it were, of the rolls, as they come around seize the bar close up to its head and it is drawn through the groove l, the bar G guiding it in a properlyT inclined position. This pass partially completes the bar and shank. At the neXt opening of the rolls, theV blank is thrust back through the second opening in the barG, and as the rolls close, it is again seized'and drawn through the groove 2, which may complete the operation but should the shank part need any further reduction, or its shoulder more definitely formed the shank alone may be drawn through the grooves 3, 4, by using the gage F, to determine how far it shall be inserted between the rolls.

HavingV thus fully described the nature and objectof our invention, what we claim therein as new and desire to secure by letters patent is- Y 1. A pair of cut-away rolls, having a pair of grooves formed in them as herein described, and when said grooves incline in contrary directions to each other, in such a manner that, the fin formed in one, shall be rolled down in the other, substantially as set forth. i

2. We also claim in Ycombination with a pair of rolls having inclined grooves in them as above set forth, a Vguide Abar in rear of said rolls with inclined openings corresponding to those between the grooves, for the purpose of preventing the bar from turning in said grooves as set forth.

LORING GOES. AURY G. GOES.

Witnesses:j

JOHN D. VASHBURN,

J. HENRY HILL. 

